:: CLDF ::

Recent Advances in Understanding and Managing Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Disease

00Res. 2020 Apr 29;9:F1000 Faculty Rev-312.doi: 10.12688/f1000research.22183.1. eCollection 2020.

Annarein J C Kerbert¹, Rajiv Jalan¹

Affiliations collapse

Insurance Status but Not Race/Ethnicity Are Associated With Outcomes in a Large Hospitalized Cohort of Patients With Cirrhosis

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 May 7;S1542-3565(20)30630-3.doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.04.081. Online ahead of print.

Jasmohan S Bajaj¹, Jacqueline G O'Leary², Puneeta Tandon³, Florence Wong⁴, Patrick S Kamath⁵, Scott W Biggins⁶, Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao⁷, Jennifer Lai⁸, Michael B Fallon⁹, Paul J Thuluvath¹⁰, Hugo E Vargas¹¹, Benedict Maliakkal¹², Ram M Subramanian¹³, Leroy R Thacker¹⁴, K Rajender Reddy¹⁵

Outcomes After Hepatic Encephalopathy in Population-Based Cohorts of Patients With Cirrhosis

Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020 Jun;51(12):1397-1405. doi: 10.1111/apt.15749. Epub 2020 May 3.

Elliot B Tapper^1 2, Devin Aberasturi³, Zhe Zhao³, Chia-Yang Hsu¹, Neehar D Parikh¹

A Retrospective Study of Drug Utilization and Hospital Readmissions Among Medicare Patients With Hepatic Encephalopathy

Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Apr;99(16):e19603.doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000019603.

Aisha Vadhariya¹, Hua Chen², Omar Serna³, Hani Zamil⁴, Susan M Abughosh²

Physical and Mental Quality of Life in Patients With End-Stage Liver Disease and Their Informal Caregivers

Clin GastroHepatol. 2020 Apr 11;S1542-3565(20)30497-3.doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2020.04.014. Online ahead of print.

Lissi Hansen¹, Michael F Chang², Christopher S Lee³, Shirin Hiatt⁴, Evan J Firsick⁴, Nathan F Dieckmann⁴, Karen S Lyons³

Nursing Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy

Gasroenterol Nurs. Mar/Apr 2020;43(2):E35-E47. doi: 10.1097/SGA.0000000000000434.

Diana Rodenbaugh¹, Christina T Vo, Rhoda Redulla, Kathleen McCauley

Clinical Manifestations of Hepatic Encephalopathy

Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):189-196. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.010.Epub 2020 Mar 2.

Peter Dellatore¹, Maggie Cheung¹, Noah Y Mahpour¹, Augustine Tawadros¹, Vinod K Rustgi²

Pathophysiology of Hepatic Encephalopathy

Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):175-188. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.002.Epub 2020 Feb 19.

Ariel Jaffe¹, Joseph K Lim², Sofia Simona Jakab³

Epidemiology of Hepatic Encephalopathy

Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):157-174. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.001.Epub 2020 Mar 2.

Mohamed I Elsaid¹, Vinod K Rustgi²

10.

Laboratory Abnormalities of Hepatic Encephalopathy

Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):197-208. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.011.Epub 2020 Mar 2.

Briette Verken Karanfilian¹, Maggie Cheung¹, Peter Dellatore¹, Taeyang Park¹, Vinod K Rustgi²

11.

Social Impact of Hepatic Encephalopathy

Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):291-301. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.008.Epub 2020 Mar 2.

Mishal Reja¹, Lauren Pioppo Phelan², Frank Senatore³, Vinod K Rustgi⁴

12.

Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy

Clin Liver Dis 2020 May;24(2):209-218.doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.012.Epub 2020 Mar 2.

Briette Verken Karanfilian¹, Taeyang Park², Frank Senatore³, Vinod K Rustgi⁴

13.

Novel Therapies in Hepatic Encephalopathy

Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):303-315.doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.009.Epub 2020 Mar 2.

Maryam Alimirah¹, Omar Sadiq², Stuart C Gordon

14.	Prognosis of Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Krishnarao A¹, Gordon FD². Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):219-229. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.004. Epub 2020 Mar 2.

15.	Nonpharmacologic Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy: An Update
	Weir V¹, Reddy KR². Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):243-261. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.003. Epub 2020 Feb 26.

16.	The Health Care Burden of Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Elsaid MI¹, John T², Li Y², Pentakota SR³, Rustgi VK⁴. Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):263-275. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.006. Epub 2020 Mar 2.

17.	Long-Term Management: Modern Measures to Prevent Readmission in Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Rosenblatt R¹, Yeh J¹, Gaglio PJ². Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):277-290. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.007. Epub 2020 Feb 26.

18.	Pharmacologic Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Mahpour NY¹, Pioppo-Phelan L¹, Reja M¹, Tawadros A¹, Rustgi VK². Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):231-242. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.005. Epub 2020 Mar 2.

19.	Pathophysiology of Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Jaffe A¹, Lim JK², Jakab SS³. Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):175-188. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.002. Epub 2020 Feb 19.

20.	Clinical Manifestations of Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Dellatore P¹, Cheung M¹, Mahpour NY¹, Tawadros A¹, Rustgi VK². Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):189-196. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.010. Epub 2020 Mar 2.

21.	Laboratory Abnormalities of Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Karanfilian BV¹, Cheung M¹, Dellatore P¹, Park T¹, Rustgi VK². Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):197-208. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.011. Epub 2020 Mar 2.

22.	Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Karanfilian BV¹, Park T², Senatore F³. Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):209-218. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.012. Epub 2020 Mar 2.

23.	Epidemiology of Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Elsaid MI¹, Rustgi VK². Clin Liver Dis. 2020 May;24(2):157-174. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.001. Epub 2020 Mar 2.

24.	Important Unresolved Questions in the Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy: An ISHEN Consensus
	Bajaj JS¹, Lauridsen M², Tapper EB³, Duarte-Rojo A⁴, Rahimi RS⁵, Tandon P⁶, Shawcross DL⁷, Thabut D⁸, Dhiman RK⁹, Romero-Gomez M¹⁰, Sharma BC¹¹, Montagnese S¹². Am J Gastroenterol. 2020 Mar 30. doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000603. [Epub ahead of print]

25.	Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy and Mild Cognitive Impairment Worsen Quality of Life in Elderly Patients with Cirrhosis
	Bajaj JS¹, Duarte-Rojo A², Xie JJ², Acharya C³, Wade J³, Robles C⁴, Thacker LR³, Flud C², Fagan A³, Garcia-Saenz-de-Sicilia M², White MB³, Kelly M⁴, Nguyen V⁴, Gavis EA³, Vargas HE⁴. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 Mar 20. pii: S1542-3565(20)30345-1. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.03.033. [Epub ahead of print]

26.	Clinical management of type C hepatic encephalopathy
	Ridola L¹, Riggio O¹, Gioia S¹, Faccioli J¹, Nardelli S¹. United European Gastroenterol J. 2020 Feb 26:2050640620909675. doi: 10.1177/2050640620909675. [Epub ahead of print]

27.	Cognition and Hospitalizations are Linked with Salivary and Fecal Microbiota in Cirrhosis Cohorts from USA and Mexico
	Bajaj JS¹, Torre A², Lara Rojas M², Fagan A¹, Nandez IE², Gavis EA¹, De Leon Osorio O², White MB¹, Fuchs M¹, Sikaroodi M³, Gillevet PM³. Liver Int. 2020 Mar 17. doi: 10.1111/liv.14437. [Epub ahead of print]

28.	TIPS Modification in the Management of Shunt-Induced Hepatic Encephalopathy: Analysis of Predictive Factors and Outcome with Shunt Modification
	Schindler P¹, Seifert L², Masthoff M¹, Riegel A¹, Köhler M¹, Wilms C², Schmidt HH², Heinzow H², Wildgruber M^1,3. J Clin Med. 2020 Feb 19;9(2). pii: E567. doi: 10.3390/jcm9020567.

29.

Effect of opioid treatment on clinical outcomes among cirrhotic patients in the United States

Ali B¹, Jiang Y², Agbim U¹, Kedia SK², Satapathy SK³, Barnes M¹, Maliakkal B⁴, Nair SP⁴, Eason JD⁴, Gonzalez HC^5,6. Clin Transplant. 2020 Feb 25:e13845. doi: 10.1111/ctr.13845. [Epub ahead of print]

30.	Cerebral edema and liver disease: Classic perspectives and contemporary hypotheses on mechanism
	Liotta EM¹, Kimberly WT². Neurosci Lett. 2020 Mar 16;721:134818. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134818. Epub 2020 Feb 5.

31.	Body composition predicts mortality and decompensation in compensated cirrhosis patients: A prospective cohort study
	Tapper EB^1,2,3, Zhang P¹, Garg R¹, Nault T¹, Leary K¹, Krishnamurthy V^4,5, Su GL^1,3. JHEP Rep. 2019 Dec 5;2(1):100061. doi: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2019.11.005. eCollection 2020 Feb.

32.	Exercise-Induced Hyperammonemia Does Not Precipitate Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Lin FP¹, Ferrando AA², Dennis RA^2,3, Dunn MA⁴, Kim WR⁵, Duarte-Rojo A³. Hepatology. 2020 Jan 30. doi: 10.1002/hep.31148. [Epub ahead of print]

33.	Microbiota changes and Intestinal Microbiota Transplantation in Liver Diseases and Cirrhosis
	Bajaj JS¹, Khoruts A². J Hepatol. 2020 Jan 28. pii: S0168-8278(20)30058-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.01.017. [Epub ahead of print]

34.	Propensity for seizure-related cortical laminar necrosis in hepatic encephalopathy
	Peters J¹, Vijiaratnam N¹, Wong JZW¹, Jitpiriyaroj S¹, Chandra RV^1,2, Kempster PA^1,3. Epilepsy Behav Rep. 2019 Nov 15;12:100348. doi: 10.1016/j.ebr.2019.100348. eCollection 2019.

35.	The association between hepatic encephalopathy/minimal hepatic encephalopathy and depressive and anxiety disorders: a systematic review
	Eftekar M¹. Australas Psychiatry. 2019 Dec 23:1039856219875054. doi: 10.1177/1039856219875054. [Epub ahead of print]

36.	Cirrhosis: Diagnosis and Management.
	Smith A¹, Baumgartner K¹, Bositis C¹. Am Fam Physician. 2019 Dec 15;100(12):759-770.

37.

Microbial Functional Change is Linked with Clinical Outcomes after Capsular Fecal Transplant in Cirrhosis

Bajaj JS, Salzman N, Acharya C, Takei H, Kakiyama G, Fagan A, White MB, Gavis EA, Holtz ML, Hayward M, Nittono H, Hylemon PB, Cox IJ, Williams R, Taylor-Robinson SD, Sterling RK, Matherly SC, Fuchs M, Lee H, Puri P, Stravitz RT, Sanyal AJ, Ajayi L, Le Guennec A, Atkinson RA, Siddiqui MS, Luketic VA, Pandak WM, Sikaroodi M, Gillevet PM. JCI Insight. 2019 Nov 21. pii: 133410. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.133410. [Epub ahead of print]

38.	Low-Value Levels: Ammonia Testing Does Not Improve the Outcomes of Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Tapper EB^1,2, Rahimi RS³. Am J Gastroenterol. 2019 Nov 8. doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000454. [Epub ahead of print]

39.	Incidence of and Risk Factors for Hepatic Encephalopathy in a Population-Based Cohort of Americans With Cirrhosis
	Tapper EB^1,2, Henderson JB³, Parikh ND^1,2, Ioannou GN⁴, Lok AS¹. Hepatol Commun. 2019 Sep 6;3(11):1510-1519. doi: 10.1002/hep4.1425. eCollection 2019 Nov.

40.	Ammonia Levels Do Not Guide Clinical Management of Patients With Hepatic Encephalopathy Caused by Cirrhosis
	Haj M¹, Rockey DC¹. Am J Gastroenterol. 2019 Oct 14. doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000343. [Epub ahead of print]

41.	Sarcopenia and cognitive impairment in liver cirrhosis: A viewpoint on the clinical impact of minimal hepatic encephalopathy
	Nardelli S¹, Gioia S¹, Faccioli J¹, Riggio O¹, Ridola L². World J Gastroenterol. 2019 Sep 21;25(35):5257-5265. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i35.5257.

42.	Health-related quality of life in patients with compensated and decompensated liver cirrhosis
	Labenz C¹, Toenges G², Schattenberg JM¹, Nagel M¹, Huber Y¹, Marquardt JU¹, Galle PR¹, Wörns MA³. Eur J Intern Med. 2019 Sep 14. pii: S0953-6205(19)30317-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2019.09.004. [Epub ahead of print]

43.	Hepatic Encephalopathy in the Hospitalized Patient: A Review for Hospitalists
	Chela HK¹, Basra N¹, Naqvi SH¹. Mo Med. 2019 Jul-Aug;116(4):308-312.

44.	Hepatic Encephalopathy is a Strong Predictor of Early Hospital Readmission Among Cirrhosis Patients
	Sood KT¹, Wong RJ¹. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2019 Jul-Aug;9(4):484-490. doi: 10.1016/j.jceh.2019.01.005. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

45.	Chinese guidelines on management of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis
	Xu XY¹, Ding HG², Li WG³, Jia JD⁴, Wei L⁵, Duan ZP⁶, Liu YL⁷, Ling-Hu EQ⁸, Zhuang H⁹, Hepatology CSO, Association CM. World J Gastroenterol. 2019 Sep 28;25(36):5403-5422. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i36.5403.

46.	The Gastroenterologist's Guide to Preventive Management of Compensated Cirrhosis
	Shetty A¹, Jun Yum J¹, Saab S¹. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2019 Aug;15(8):423-430.

47.	"Let my liver rather heat with wine" - a review of hepatic fibrosis pathophysiology and emerging therapeutics
	Moscoso CG¹, Steer CJ^1,2. Hepat Med. 2019 Sep 2;11:109-129. doi: 10.2147/HMER.S213397. eCollection 2019.

48.	Serum and urinary metabolomics and outcomes in cirrhosis
	Bajaj JS¹, Fan S², Thacker LR³, Fagan A¹, Gavis E¹, White MB¹, Heuman DM¹, Fuchs M¹, Fiehn O². PLoS One. 2019 Sep 27;14(9):e0223061. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223061. eCollection 2019.

49.	Exhaled breath analysis in hepatology: State-of-the-art and perspectives
	De Vincentis A¹, Vespasiani-Gentilucci U², Sabatini A³, Antonelli-Incalzi R², Picardi A². World J Gastroenterol. 2019 Aug 14;25(30):4043-4050. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i30.4043.

50.	Predicting Heart Failure After TIPS: Still More Questions Than Answers
	Baiges A^1,2, Garcia-Pagán JC^1,2. Hepatology. 2019 Sep 13. doi: 10.1002/hep.30948. [Epub ahead of print]

51.	Critically Ill Patients with End-Stage Liver Disease
	Crager S¹. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2019 Aug;37(3):511-527. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2019.03.008. Epub 2019 May 21.

52.	Aminopyrine Breath Test Predict Liver-related Events and Death in HCV-related Cirrhosis on SVR after DAA Therapy
	Petta S¹, Rini F¹, Calvaruso V¹, Cammà C¹, Ciminnisi S¹, Di Marco V¹, Giannini EG², Grimaudo S¹, Pipitone RM¹, Craxì A¹. Liver Int. 2019 Sep 11. doi: 10.1111/liv.14250. [Epub ahead of print]

53.	Supplementation with Synbiotics and/or Branched Chain Amino Acids in Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Pilot Randomised Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study
	Vidot H^1,2, Cvejic E³, Finegan LJ⁴, Shores EA⁵, Bowen DG^6,7,8, Strasser SI^7,8, McCaughan GW^6,7,8, Carey S⁹, Allman-Farinelli M¹⁰, Shackel NA¹¹. Nutrients. 2019 Aug 6;11(8). pii: E1810. doi: 10.3390/nu11081810.

54.	Comparative Efficacy of Treatment Options for Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Systematic Review & Network Meta-analysis
	Dhiman RK¹, Thumburu KK², Verma N³, Chopra M³, Rathi S³, Dutta U⁴, Singal AK⁵, Taneja S³, Duseja A³, Singh M²; Indian National Association for Study of Liver (INASL) Hepatic Encephalopathy Study Group (IHESG). Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Aug 30. pii: S1542-3565(19)30969-3. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.08.047. [Epub ahead of print]

55.	Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is Associated with Altered Gut Microbiota that Modulates Cognitive Performance in Veterans with Cirrhosis
	Bajaj JS¹, Sikaroodi M², Fagan A³, Heuman DM, Gilles HC⁴, Gavis EA⁴, Fuchs M⁴, Gonzalez-Maeso J⁵, Nizam S⁶, Gillevet PM⁷, Wade JB⁵. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2019 Aug 28. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00194.2019. [Epub ahead of print]

56.	Hepatic encephalopathy is reversible in the long-term after liver transplantation
	Hopp AE¹, Dirks M^1,2, Petrusch C¹, Goldbecker A^1,2, Tryc AB^1,2, Barg-Hock H³, Strassburg C⁴, Klempnauer J^2,3, Weissenborn K^1,2, Pflugrad H^1,2. Liver Transpl. 2019 Aug 22. doi: 10.1002/lt.25626. [Epub ahead of print]

57.	Variability and Lability of Ammonia Levels in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Cirrhosis: Implications for Trial Design and Clinical Practice
	Bajaj JS¹, Bloom PP², Chung RT², Hassanein TI³, Padilla-Martinez M³, Kayali Z⁴, Rockey DC⁵, Sasso R⁵, Muthukumar AR⁶, Lee WM⁶, Denney WS⁷, Gavis EA¹, Anderson C⁸, Blankstein L⁸, Brennan AM⁸, Puurunen MK⁸, Lawitz E⁹. Am J Gastroenterol. 2019 Aug 21. doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000384. [Epub ahead of print]

58.	Association between sarcopenia and hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
	Wijarnpreecha K¹, Werlang M², Panjawatanan P³, Kroner PT², Cheungpasitporn W⁴, Lukens FJ², Pungpapong S², Ungprasert P⁵. Ann Hepatol. 2019 Jul 13. pii: S1665-2681(19)32193-3. doi: 10.1016/j.aohep.2019.06.007. [Epub ahead of print]

59.	Problematic Cannabis Use and Risk of Complications in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C
	Rashid W¹, Patel V², Ravat V³, Madireddy S⁴, Jaladi PR⁵, Tahir M⁶, Bhimanadham NN⁷, Kuduva Rajan S⁸, Imran S⁹, Patel RS¹⁰. Cureus. 2019 Aug 12;11(8):e5373. doi: 10.7759/cureus.5373.

60.	Biomarkers for oralization during long-term proton pump inhibitor therapy predict survival in cirrhosis
	Horvath A^1,2, Rainer F³, Bashir M⁴, Leber B⁵, Schmerboeck B^3,6, Klymiuk I⁷, Groselj-Strele A⁸, Durdevic M⁸, Freedberg DE⁹, Abrams JA⁹, Fickert P³, Stiegler P⁵, Stadlbauer V³. Sci Rep. 2019 Aug 19;9(1):12000. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48352-5.

61.	Outcomes in Clinical Trials Evaluating Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Gluud LL¹, Jeyaraj R², Morgan MY². J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2019 May-Jun;9(3):354-361. doi: 10.1016/j.jceh.2019.02.004. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

62.

Supplementation with Synbiotics and/or Branched Chain Amino Acids in Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Pilot Randomised Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study

Vidot H^1,2, Cvejic E³, Finegan LJ⁴, Shores EA⁵, Bowen DG^6,7,8, Strasser Nutrients. 2019 Aug 6;11(8). pii: E1810. doi: 10.3390/nu11081810.

SI^7,8, McCaughan GW^6,7,8, Carey S⁹, Allman-Farinelli M¹⁰, Shackel NA¹¹.

63.	Fecal Microbial Transplant Capsules Are Safe in Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Phase 1, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
	Bajaj JS^1,2, Salzman NH³, Acharya C^1,2, Sterling RK^1,2, White MB^1,2, Gavis EA^1,2, Fagan A^1,2, Hayward M³, Holtz ML³, Matherly S^1,2, Lee H^1,2, Osman M⁴, Siddiqui MS⁴, Fuchs M³, Puri P³, Sikaroodi M⁵, Gillevet PM⁵. Hepatology. 2019 Apr 30. doi: 10.1002/hep.30690. [Epub ahead of print]

64.	Beneficial effects of L-ornithine L-aspartate for prevention of overt hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis: a systematic review with meta-analysis
	Butterworth RF¹. Metab Brain Dis. 2019 Jul 23. doi: 10.1007/s11011-019-00463-8. [Epub ahead of print]

65.	Dietary approach and gut microbiota modulation for chronic hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis
	Campion D¹, Giovo I¹, Ponzo P¹, Saracco GM¹, Balzola F¹, Alessandria C². World J Hepatol. 2019 Jun 27;11(6):489-512. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v11.i6.489.

66.	Targets to improve quality of care for patients with hepatic encephalopathy: data from a multi-centre cohort
	Bajaj JS¹, O'Leary JG², Tandon P³, Wong F⁴, Kamath PS⁵, Biggins SW^6,7, Garcia-Tsao G⁸, Lai J⁹, Fallon MB^10,11, Thuluvath PJ¹², Vargas HE¹³, Maliakkal B^14,15, Subramanian RM¹⁶, Thacker LR¹, Reddy KR¹⁷.

67.	Bedside Measures of Frailty and Cognitive Function Correlate with Sarcopenia in Patients with Cirrhosis
	Tapper EB^1,2, Derstine B³, Baki J⁴, Su GL^5,6. Dig Dis Sci. 2019 Jul 10. doi: 10.1007/s10620-019-05713-4. [Epub ahead of print]

68.	The efficacy and safety of rifaximin-a: a 2-year observational study of overt hepatic encephalopathy
	Oey RC¹, Buck LEM², Erler NS³, van Buuren HR², de Man RA². Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2019 Jun 23;12:1756284819858256. doi: 10.1177/1756284819858256. eCollection 2019.

69.	Association of proton pump inhibitors with risk of hepatic encephalopathy in advanced liver disease: A meta-analysis
	Tantai XX¹, Yang LB¹, Wei ZC¹, Xiao CL¹, Chen LR¹, Wang JH¹, Liu N². World J Gastroenterol. 2019 Jun 7;25(21):2683-2698. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i21.2683.

70.	Pharmacotherapies that specifically target ammonia for the prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in adults with cirrhosis
	Zacharias HD¹, Zacharias AP, Gluud LL, Morgan MY. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Jun 17;6:CD012334. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012334.pub2. [Epub ahead of print]

71.	Beyond Lactulose: Treatment Options for Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Said VJ¹, Garcia-Trujillo E. Gastroenterol Nurs. 2019 May/Jun;42(3):277-285. doi: 10.1097/SGA.0000000000000376.

72.	Choosing Wisely Canada-Top Five List in Hepatology: Official Position Statement of the Canadian Association for the Study of the Liver (CASL) and Choosing Wisely Canada (CWC)
	Brahmania M¹, Renner EL², Coffin CS³, Yoshida EM⁴, Wong P⁵, Zeman M⁶, Shah H⁷. Ann Hepatol. 2019 Jan - Feb;18(1):165-171. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.7908.

73.	Adherence to Recommended Inpatient Hepatic Encephalopathy Workup
	Kumral D¹, Qayyum R², Roseff S³, Sterling RK¹, Siddiqui MS¹.

74.	Prognostic Role of Ammonia in Patients With Cirrhosis
	Shalimar¹, Sheikh MF², Mookerjee RP², Agarwal B^2,3, Acharya SK¹, Jalan R². Hepatology. 2019 Jan 31. doi: 10.1002/hep.30534. [Epub ahead of print]

75.	A Head CT is Unnecessary in the Initial Evaluation of A Cirrhotic Patient with Recurrent Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Kumar S¹, Modi R², Bhandari BM², Sass DA¹, Rothstein KD³. Ann Hepatol. 2018 Sep - Oct;17(5):810-814. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.3141.

76.	How to Design a Multicenter Clinical Trial in Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Ridola L¹, Nardelli S², Gioia S², Riggio O². J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2019 Jan-Feb;9(1):137-145. doi: 10.1016/j.jceh.2018.02.007. Epub 2018 Mar 13.

77.	Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of L-Ornithine L-Aspartate (LOLA) in Hepatic Encephalopathy
	Kircheis G¹, Lüth S². Drugs. 2019 Feb;79(Suppl 1):23-29. doi: 10.1007/s40265-018-1023-2.

78.	L-Ornithine L-Aspartate (LOLA) for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis: Results of Randomized Controlled Trials and Meta-Analyses
	Butterworth RF¹, McPhail MJW². Drugs. 2019 Feb;79(Suppl 1):31-37. doi: 10.1007/s40265-018-1024-1.

79.	Increasing Burden of Hepatic Encephalopathy Among Hospitalized Adults: An Analysis of the 2010-2014 National Inpatient Sample
	Hirode G¹, Vittinghoff E², Wong RJ³. Dig Dis Sci. 2019 Mar 13. doi: 10.1007/s10620-019-05576-9. [Epub ahead of print]

80.	Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients With Cirrhosis
	Ghosh G¹, Jesudian AB². J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2019 Mar-Apr;9(2):257-267. doi: 10.1016/j.jceh.2018.08.006. Epub 2018 Aug 27.

81.	Updates on the pathophysiology and therapeutic targets for hepatic encephalopathy
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82.	Lower 90-day Hospital Readmission Rates for Esophageal Variceal Bleeding After TIPS: A Nationwide Linked Analysis
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338.	Safety of Ornithine Phenylacetate in Cirrhotic Decompensated Patients: An Open-label, Dose-escalating, Single-cohort Study
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341.	A systematic review and meta-analysis of the use of oral zinc in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy
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342.	Oral Branched-Chain Amino Acids Have a Beneficial Effect on Manifestations of Hepatic Encephalopathy in a Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials
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344.	Serum nitrotyrosine and psychometric tests as indicators of impaired fitness to drive in cirrhotic patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy
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345.	Cognitive Dysfunction is Associated with Poor Socio-Economic Status in Patients with Cirrhosis: an International Multi-Center Study
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347.	Hepatic encephalopathy: etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical signs
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348.	Hepatic encephalopathy: diagnosis and treatment
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349.	Rifaximin versus Nonabsorbable Disaccharides for the Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Meta-Analysis.
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350.	Role of the heme oxygenase/carbon monoxide pathway in the pathogenesis and prevention of hepatic encephalopathy
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351.	Differential Impact of Hyponatremia and Hepatic Encephalopathy on Health-Related Quality of Life and Brain Metabolite Abnormalities in Cirrhosis
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353.	Use of ImPACT to Diagnose Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy: An Accurate, Practical, User-Friendly Internet-Based Neuropsychological Test Battery
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354.	Cognitive assessment of patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy in Brazil
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355.	Clinical impact of arterial ammonia levels in ICU patients with different liver diseases
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356.	Correlation between serum magnesium levels and hepatic encephalopathy in immediate post liver transplantation period
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357.	Impaired brain activity in cirrhotic patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy: evaluation by near infrared spectroscopy
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358.	GABAergic transmission in hepatic encephalopathy
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359.	Inflammation and Hepatic Encephalopathy
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360.	Cognitive functions in patients with liver cirrhosis: A tendency to commit more memory errors
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361.	Correlation between degree and quality of sleep disturbance and the level of neuropsychiatric impairment in patients with liver cirrhosis
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362.	Increased risk of cognitive impairment in cirrhotic patients with bacterial infections
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364.	Update on cerebral uptake of blood ammonia
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365.	Altered Mental Status in Cirrhosis: Etiologies and Outcomes
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366.	Gut microbiota and hepatic encephalopathy
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367.	Lactulose Is Highly Potential in Prophylaxis of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients with Cirrhosis and Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Results of a Controlled Randomized Trial
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371.	Effect of obstructive sleep apnea on the sleep architecture in cirrhosis
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372.	Gastric Varices and Hepatic Encephalopathy: Treatment with Vascular Plug and Gelatin Sponge-assisted Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration--A Primary Report
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373.	L-ornithine-L-aspartate for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
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374.	Serum Endotoxin, Inflammatory mediators and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy before and after treatment in patients with Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy
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375.	Modulation of neural activation following treatment of hepatic encephalopathy
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376.	Embolization of large spontaneous portosystemic shunts for refractory hepatic encephalopathy : A multi-center survey on safety & efficacy
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377.	The stroop smartphone APP is a short and valid method toscreen for minimal hepatic encephalopathy
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378.	Can the tyrosine kinase inhibitors trigger metabolic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients?
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379.	Antibiotics for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy
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380.	Acetyl-L-carnitine in hepatic encephalopathy
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381.	Role of branched chain amino acids in cerebral ammonia homeostasis related to hepatic encephalopathy
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382.	Altered effective connectivity network of the Basal Ganglia in low-grade hepatic encephalopathy: a resting-state FMRI study with granger causality analysis
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383.	Melatonin levels in serum and ascitic fluid of patients with hepatic encephalopathy
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384.	Gene expression profiling in the cerebral cortex of patients with cirrhosis with and without hepatic encephalopathy
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385.	Erythromycin versus neomycin in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis: a randomized double-blind study
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386.	Current pathogenetic aspects of hepatic encephalopathy and noncirrhotic hyperammonemic encephalopathy
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387.	Lack of Clostridium difficile Infection in Patients Treated With Rifaximin for Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Retrospective Analysis
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388.	Pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy
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389.	Disrupted Functional Connectivity of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Cirrhotic Patients without Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Resting State fMRI Study
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390.	Clinical Manifestations and Treatment Options in Patients with Cirrhosis and Diabetes Mellitus
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391.	The continuous reaction times method for diagnosing, grading, and monitoring minimal/covert hepatic encephalopathy.
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392.	Lactulose, rifaximin or branched chain amino acids for hepatic encephalopathy: what is the evidence?
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393.	Glutamine in the Pathogenesis of Hepatic Encephalopathy: The Trojan Horse Hypothesis Revisited
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394.	Comparison of the most favoured methods for the diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy in liver transplantation candidates
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395.	Depression, anxiety and alexithymia symptoms are major determinants of health related quality of life (HRQoL) in cirrhotic patients
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396.	How to diagnose hepatic encephalopathy in the emergency department
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397.	Meta-analysis: the diagnostic accuracy of critical flicker frequency in minimal hepatic encephalopathy
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398.	Resting State Cortical Electroencephalographic Rhythms in Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy and Alzheimer's Disease
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399.	Increased Incidence of Orthopedic Fractures in Cirrhotic Patients: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
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400.	Prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy: Focusing on gut microbiota
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401.	Changes in expression of the chloride homeostasis-regulating genes, KCC2 and NKCC1, in the blood of cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy
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402.	Muscle depletion increases the risk of overt and minimal hepatic encephalopathy: results of a prospective study
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