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Abstract Details
Raymond D. Adams and Joseph M. Foley: Elaborating the neurologic manifestations of hepatic encephalopathy (1949-1953)
1Institute of Social Science, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
2School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
3History and Archives Committee of the American Academy of Neurology, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Abstract
This article compares and contrasts different versions of the pioneering work Raymond Adams and Joseph Foley concerning the neurological and neurophysiological manifestations of liver disease. These versions were presented by the protagonists in publications from 1949 to 1953, and later in various oral histories conducted separately from 1988 to 2014. The general framework of the various versions is fairly consistent, but numerous differences in the details emerged over time, some reflecting the vagaries of memory over periods as long as six decades (e.g., with fluctuations in the versions told by a single protagonist in different interviews, under different circumstances, and at different ages), others reflecting a form of egocentric recall bias (as, for example, when bothof the protagonists recalled that they were responsible for a particular observation).